2020年08月自考00898互联网软件应用与开发真题
📍 全国统考
💯 满分：100分
✓ 及格：60分
⏱ 时长：150分钟
📝 题量：38题
单项选择题
1.
软件生存周期一般可分为多个阶段，其中不属于软件定义期的是
A.
问题定义
B.
可行性研究
C.
需求分析
D.
编码和测试
正确答案：
D
解析：
软件生存周期中，软件定义期包括问题定义、可行性研究和需求分析；编码和测试属于软件开发期（或实现期），不属于定义期。
单项选择题
2.
UML 中常用的十种图分为五类，其中类图所属的类别是
A.
交互图
B.
静态图
C.
实现图
D.
行为图
正确答案：
B
解析：
UML 图按用途分为五类：用例图（行为）、静态图（类图、对象图、包图）、行为图（状态图、活动图）、交互图（顺序图、协作图）、实现图（组件图、部署图）。类图用于描述系统静态结构，属于静态图。
单项选择题
3.
下列 UML 模型图中，常用的模型元素包括同步线和信息流的是
A.
部署图
B.
对象图
C.
活动图
D.
状态图
正确答案：
C
解析：
活动图（Activity Diagram）用于描述业务流程或操作流程，其基本元素包括动作节点、控制流、对象流、分叉/汇合（即同步线）、泳道等；信息流常通过对象流表示。同步线（fork/join）是活动图特有元素。
单项选择题
4.
如果表中的数据不正确，可以用来更正这些不恰当数据的 SQL 语句是
A.
DELETE 语句
B.
INSERT 语句
C.
SELECT 语句
D.
UPDATE 语句
正确答案：
D
解析：
UPDATE 语句用于修改表中已存在记录的数据；DELETE 删除整行，INSERT 插入新行，SELECT 仅查询不修改。
单项选择题
5.
访问端口为 81 的 Web 网站使用的 URL 格式正确的是
A.
http://81@www.abc.com
B.
http://www.abc.com@81
C.
http:81//www.abc.com
D.
http://www.abc.com:81
正确答案：
D
解析：
标准 URL 格式为 protocol://host:port/path；端口号写在主机名后，用冒号分隔；@ 符号用于用户名@主机，不用于端口；C 项协议与端口间缺少 //，语法错误。
单项选择题
6.
在 IIS 6.0 中，使用散列技术标识用户，而不通过网络实际发送密码的身份验证方法是
A.
集成 Windows 身份验证
B.
基本身份验证
C.
高级摘要式身份验证
D.
匿名身份验证
正确答案：
C
解析：
高级摘要式身份验证（Digest Authentication）使用 MD5 散列算法对用户名、密码和随机数进行哈希运算，避免明文传输密码；基本身份验证以 Base64 编码传输密码（仍可逆）；集成 Windows 身份验证基于 Kerberos 或 NTLM 协议；匿名身份验证无需认证。
单项选择题
7.
以下 HTML 标记中，用于设置页面标题的是
A.
B.
</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">C.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content"><th></span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">D.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pq-answer-wrap" style="display:none;">
<div class="pq-answer">
<span class="pq-answer-label">正确答案：</span>
<span class="pq-answer-value">B</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-analysis">
<span class="pq-analysis-label">解析：</span>
<span class="pq-analysis-value"><title> 标签位于 内，用于定义网页在浏览器标签页上显示的标题； 是容器标签，<th> 是表格表头单元格， 是根元素。</span>
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<div class="pq-type-tag">单项选择题</div>
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<span class="pq-no">8.</span>
<span class="pq-content">以下 JavaScript 变量命名正确的是</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-options">
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">A.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">_sum</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">B.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">while</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">C.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">5value</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-option">
<span class="pq-opt-label">D.</span>
<span class="pq-opt-content">$value</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pq-answer-wrap" style="display:none;">
<div class="pq-answer">
<span class="pq-answer-label">正确答案：</span>
<span class="pq-answer-value">A</span>
</div>
<div class="pq-analysis">
<span class="pq-analysis-label">解析：</span>
<span class="pq-analysis-value">JavaScript 变量名必须以字母、下划线(_)或美元符号($)开头，后续可跟字母、数字、_、$；不能是保留字（如 while）；5value 以数字开头非法；_sum 合法；$value 也合法，但题目要求‘正确的是’且为单选，需选最无争议项——_sum 是标准推荐命名方式，而 $value 常用于 jQuery 等库，但本身合法；然而本题四个选项中 A 和 D 均合法，但传统教材强调下划线开头为合法变量名，且 while 和 5value 明确非法，故唯一明确无误的是 A。</span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pq-toggle-answer">显示答案</a>
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<div class="pq-next-hint"><div class="pq-next-question"><span class="pq-next-no">9.</span><span class="pq-next-content">运行如下 JavaScript 程序代码片段后，变量 temp 的值是
“`j…</span></div><div class="pq-next-lock">🔒 已锁定</div></div><div class="pq-cta-box pq-cta-inline"><div class="pq-cta-icon">🔒</div><div class="pq-cta-text"><div class="pq-cta-title">本试卷共 38 道题</div><div class="pq-cta-desc">您已预览前 8 题，还有 30 题待解锁</div></div><div class="pq-cta-actions"><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="pq-cta-btn pq-cta-register signin-loader">登录后查看完整试卷</a></div></div> </div>
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this.style.transform = '';
this.style.boxShadow = '';
this.style.color = '';
this.style.textDecoration = '';
});
});
}
btnHoverFix();
var observer = new MutationObserver(function(mutations) {
for (var i = 0; i < mutations.length; i++) {
if (mutations[i].addedNodes.length > 0) {
btnHoverFix();
break;
}
}
});
observer.observe(document.body, { childList: true, subtree: true });
})();
</script>
<script>
(function($){
if (typeof $ === 'undefined') return;
var path = window.location.pathname;
var ctx = null;
var m;
if (m = path.match(/\/zikao-course\/course-([^\/]+)/)) {
ctx = { type: 'course', code: m[1] };
} else if (m = path.match(/\/zikao-book\/book-([^\/]+)/)) {
ctx = { type: 'book', code: m[1] };
} else if (m = path.match(/\/zikao-major\/([a-z0-9-]+)\/([A-Za-z0-9]+)/)) {
ctx = { type: 'major', code: m[2] };
} else if (m = path.match(/\/zikao-paper\/paper-(\d+)/)) {
ctx = { type: 'paper', code: m[1] };
}
if (!ctx) return;
ctx.title = (function(){
var h1 = document.querySelector('h1');
if (h1 && h1.textContent.trim()) return h1.textContent.trim();
return document.title.replace(/\s*[-|—].*$/, '').trim();
})();
ctx.url = window.location.href;
var AJAX_URL = "https:\/\/www.gojie.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php";
var IS_LOGGEDIN = false;
function updateBtn(type, active, count) {
var btn = $('a[data-action="' + type + '"]');
if (!btn.length) return;
if (active) {
btn.addClass('actived');
} else {
btn.removeClass('actived');
}
if (count !== undefined) {
var ce = btn.find('count');
if (ce.length) ce.text(count);
}
}
$.post(AJAX_URL, {
action: 'zikao_detail_interaction_status',
target_type: ctx.type,
target_code: ctx.code
}, function(res) {
if (res && res.success && res.data) {
updateBtn('like', res.data.like);
updateBtn('favorite', res.data.favorite);
}
});
$(document).on('click', 'a[data-action="like"], a[data-action="favorite"]', function(e) {
var type = $(this).data('action');
if (type !== 'like' && type !== 'favorite') return;
e.preventDefault();
e.stopImmediatePropagation();
if (!IS_LOGGEDIN) {
if (typeof zikaoRequireLogin === 'function') {
zikaoRequireLogin();
}
return false;
}
var btn = $(this);
$.post(AJAX_URL, {
action: 'zikao_detail_interaction',
interaction_type: type,
target_type: ctx.type,
target_code: ctx.code,
target_title: ctx.title,
target_url: ctx.url
}, function(res) {
if (res && res.success && res.data) {
updateBtn(type, res.data.is_active, res.data.count);
}
});
return false;
});
})(jQuery);
</script>
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<script type="text/javascript">var _hmt = _hmt || [];
(function() {
var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?7f5cf2a4ac1f248bdd99c780d6995531";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
</script>
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<script type="text/javascript">
console.log("数据库查询：17次 | 页面生成耗时：140.2ms");
</script>
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